Mark w dewey



(No Model.)

M. W. DEWEY. METHOD OF ELECTRICAL REFRIGERATION.

No. 484,182. 7 Patented Oct. 11, 1892.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARK \V. DEWEY, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOP; TO THE DEWEYCORPORATION, OF SAME PLACE.

METHOD OF ELECTRICAL REFRIGERATION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 484,182, dated October11, 1892. Application filed February 3, 1896. Serial No. 339,001. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, MARK W. DEWEY, of Syracuse, in the county ofOnondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Methods of Electric Refrigeration, (Case No. 50,) ofwhich the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings,is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to a new and improved method for producing cold orremoving heat to cool or change the temperature in desired localitiesand is preferably similar in some respects to my methods of electricrefrigeration set forth in Letters Patent No. 413,136, dated October 15,1889, and Letters Patent No. 420,641, dated February 4,1890.

The object of my present invention is to distribute cold or heatproduced by electricity or other suitable means in a certain 10- calityto or through one or more other localities remote from that where thecold is produced without circulating a ponderable medium.

' The object of my invention also is to efl'ect the distribution abovereferred to by passing a suitable electric current through a conductoror circuit connecting the said localities.

My invention is designed to be used for cooling purposes of all kinds orfor eifecting any desired change of temperature.

My invention consists in cooling or lowering the temperature in aportion of a suitable electric conductor and passing an electric currentthrough said conductor to increase the conduction of heat from thewarmer portion of the conductor to the cooled portion.

My invention consists, also, in changing the temperature in a portionof,a suitable electric conductor and passing an electric current throughsaid conductor to absorb heat from the warmer portion of the conductorand to deposit it in the cooler portion.

My invention consists, further and more specifically, in locating aportion of an electric conductor in a locality wherein the term eratureis to be changed, electrically changing the temperature of the conductorat one or more points, and passing an electric current through theconductor to remove the temperature produced at the said point or.perature.

points to the locality wherein'the temperature is to be changed.

My'invention consists, still further,in certain combinations of steps ofthe method, as is hereinafter described, andpointed out in the claims.

, In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a general view ofapparatus for accomplishing my method or for accomplishseveral parts ofan electric conductor or circuit exposed to the influence of a liquidmedium that is agitated and has a changed temperature.

Referring specifically to, the drawings, A in Fig. 1 represents asection of a receptacle or refrigeratory to be cooled, and B is theelectric conductor or circuit for distributing and conducting heat fromone portion of the circuit to another .and connects the receptacle Awith the localities X and X to be cooled or changed in temperature. Theconductor is preferably given a suitable tortuous shape at thelooalities'X and X in order to concentrate or increase the effect atthose places, as the changing eifec't depends largely upon the exposedsurface area of the conductor atsaid places or localities. A tortuousshape is given to the conductor at X by giving it a serpentine form and.at X by coiling the same. The latterlocality is indicated moreparticularly by a line d, inclosiug the coil. The line (1 indicates thewalls of a receptacle or room, as the case may be, which I prefer toisolate from the external temperature in any suitable manner to preventthe conduction of heat therethrough. The portions of the conductor B atthe localities X and X may be arranged in any desired manner or relationtherein.

B is the source of electricity for the circuit B and may be either abattery or dynaan adjustable resistance. The conductor or circuit B iscomposed of a metal in which an electric current will reduce differencesof tom- 1 preferably employ for this purpose a conductor or circuit ofcopper.

The receptacle A in Fig. l is constructed of non-heat-conduciingmaterial, as wood.

The apparatus for cooling or heating the mo, and B" is a suitablecurrent-regulator, as.

ing certain steps in the same, and Fig. 2 shows I portion or portions 1)of the conductorl3 within the receptacle may be the same or similar tothat described and shown in my prior patents above referred to, or anyother suit-able apparatus, and for that reason I shall describe the samebriefly. t

O is an electric circuit having parts adapted to be cooled and otherparts adapted to,be heated by the current from a suitable source ofelectricity D. The device shown 1n the drawings for accomplishing thechange of temperature in the parts of the circuit Q 1s, for the sake ofsimplicity, an ordinary thermopile; but I,do not limit myself to thisdevice, as before mentioned. A tricity D is connected to saidthermopile, so that the parts cooled will be those located within thereceptacle or reservoir and the parts heated will be those locatedoutside of the receptacle.

C is the adjustable resistance in the circuit C to regulate thecurrent,and O" isa currentreverser to reverse the location of the cooledand heated parts for the purpose of heating the portion or portions ofthe conductor B exposed to the influence of the said parts. Saidcurrent-reverser may be dispensed with when it is not desired to eifecteither or both operations with the same apparatus.

The operation of the apparatus described is brieflyas follows: Thethermopile removes heat from or to the interior of the receptacle, thusproducing a change of temperature in the portion of the conductor BWithin the receptacle, and the electric current flowing through thelatter conductor equalizes the temperature therein or absorbs the heatfrom the warm portion or portions of the circuit, conducts or conveysthe same, and deposits or disengages the heatin a cooler portion orportions of the circuit from which it is radiated, diffused, ordissipated.

Referring to Fig. 2, corresponding letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts.

The circuit B in this case is exposed at two different points to theinterior of a receptacle or refrigeratory, preferably lined with metalA, and containing a suitable medium, which is agitated by an agitator orstirring-helix H. The parts I) of the circuit B within the receptacleare insulated from the medium to prevent short-circuiting of the currentby insulation b, and may be covered with suitable heat-non-conductingmaterial between the said localities to prevent loss.

e is the inlet or nozzle for admitting the solution, and e is the outletfor removing the solution from the receptacle. In the latter case or inFig. 2 the electric current is derived from parallel supply-conductors Sand S.

It will be evident that many changes in the construction of theapparatus and relative arraugeme ntof parts may be resorted to, and alsovariations may be made in the method without departing from the spiritand scope of my invention, and I would have it understood that I do notlimit myself to the par- The source of elec-' ticular construction,arrangement of parts shown, or to the precise or exact method hereindescribed.

Having described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is 1. The method of electrically cooling,consistingin cooling or lowering the temperature in a portion of asuitable electric conductor and passing an electric current through saidconductor to increase the conduction of heat from the warmer portion ofthe conductor to the cooled portion.

2. The method of electrically cooling, consisting in establishing anelectric circuit, loeating a portion of said circuit in a locality to becooled, locating another portion in a suitable refrigeratory and to becooled by the latter, and passing an electric current through thecircuit to absorb heat from the portion of the circuit in the saidlocality to be cooled and to deposit the heat absorbed in the portion ofthe circuit in the refrigeratory.

3. The method of electrically cooling, consisting in establishing anelectric circuit, 10- cating a portion of said circuit in a locality tobe cooled, locating another portion in a receptacle containing a cooledmedium, insulatin g the latter portion of the circuit from said medium,and passing an electric current through the circuit to absorb heat fromthe portion of the circuit in the said locality to be cooled and todeposit the heat absorbed in the portion of the circuit in thereceptacle.

4. The method of electrically cooling, consisting in establishing anelectric circuit, 10- eating a portion of said circuit in a locality tobe cooled, locating another portion in a receptacle containing a cooledmedium, agitating said medium, insulating the latter portion of thecircuit from said medium, and passing an electric current through thecircuit to absorb heat from the portion of the circuit in the saidlocality to be cooled and to deposit the heat absorbed in the portion ofthe circuit in the receptacle.

5. The method of electrically changing temperature, consisting incooling or heating a port on of a suitable electric conductor andpassing an electric current through said conductor to equalize thetemperature thereof.

6. The method of electrically changing temperature, consisting inlocating a portion of an electric conductor in a locality wLerein thetemperature is to be changed, changing the temperature of the conductorat one or more po1nts,and passingan electric current through theconductor to remove the temperature produced at the said pointor pointsto the locality wherein the temperature is to be changed.

7. The method of electrically changing temperature, consisting inlocating a portion of an electric conductor in a locality wherein thetemperature is to be changed, electrically changlng the temperature ofthe conductor at one or more points, and passing an electric currentthrough the conductor to remove the temperature produced at the saidpoint or the circuit in the said locality to be cooled points to thelocality wherein the temperature and to deposit the heat absorbed in theperis to be changed. tion of the circuit in the refrigerator-y.

8. The method of electrically cooling, con- Intestimonywhereoflhavehereuntosigned 5 sisting in establishing anelectric circuit, 10- my name this 31st day of January, 1890.-

cating a portion of said circuit in a localityto be cooled, locatinganother portion in an elec- MARK DEWEY tric refrigeratory and to becooled by the lat-' Witnesses: ter, and passing an electric currentthrough '0. L. BENDIXON, 10 the circuit to absorb heat from-the portionof C; H. DUELL.

